Libris Britannia 4

home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search

/ Libris Britannia 4 / science library(b).zip / science library(b) / DTP / DTP_TEX / H219.ZIP / DVIPS551.ZIP / emtex / doc / dvips.doc < prev next >

Wrap

Text File | 1993-08-05 | 17KB | 396 lines

13 February 1992 DVIPS(1) NAME dvips - convert a TeX DVI file to PostScript SYNOPSIS dvips [ _o_p_t_i_o_n_s ] _f_i_l_e[.dvi] DESCRIPTION The program dvips takes a DVI file _f_i_l_e[.dvi] produced by TeX (or by some other processor such as GFtoDVI) and converts it to PostScript, normally sending the result directly to the laserprinter. The DVI file may be specified without the ._d_v_i extension. Fonts used may either be resident in the printer or defined as bitmaps in PK files, or a `vir- tual' combination of both. If the MakeTeXPK program is installed, dvips will automatically invoke METAFONT to generate fonts that don't already exist. For more information, see the manual _d_v_i_p_s._t_e_x in the TEXINPUTS direc- tory. The manual can be printed with the following commands: tex dvips dvips dvips -o dvips.ps lpr dvips.ps OPTIONS -a Conserve memory by making three passes over the .dvi file instead of two and only loading those characters actually used. Generally only useful on machines with a very limited amount of memory, like some PCs. -A Print only odd pages (TeX pages, not sequence pages). -b num Generate _n_u_m copies of each page, but duplicating the page body rather than using the #_n_u_m_c_o_p_i_e_s option. This can be useful in conjunction with a header file setting _c_h_a_r_9_2_b_o_p-_h_o_o_k to do color separations or other neat tricks. -B Print only even pages (TeX pages, not sequence pages). -c num Generate _n_u_m copies of every page. Default is 1. (For collated copies, see the -_C option below.) -C num Create _n_u_m copies, but collated (by replicating the data in the PostScript file). Slower than the -_c option, but easier on the hands, and faster than resubmitting the same PostScript file multi- ple times. -d num Set the debug flags. This is intended only for emergencies or for TeXware 1 DVIPS(1) 13 February 1992 unusual fact-finding expeditions; it will work only if _d_v_i_p_s has been compiled with the DEBUG option. For more information on pos- sible values see section 15 of _d_v_i_p_s._t_e_x. -D num Set the resolution in dpi (dots per inch) to _n_u_m. This affects the choice of bitmap fonts that are loaded and also the positioning of letters in resident PostScript fonts. Must be between 10 and 10000. This affects both the horizontal and vertical resolution. If a high resolution (something greater than 400 dpi, say) is selected, the -_Z flag should probably also be used. -e num Make sure that each character is placed at most this many pixels from its `true' resolution-independent position on the page. The default value of this parameter is resolution dependent. Allowing individual characters to `drift' from their correctly rounded posi- tions by a few pixels, while regaining the true position at the beginning of each new word, improves the spacing of letters in words. -E makes _d_v_i_p_s attempt to generate an EPSF file with a tight bounding box. This only works on one-page files, and it only looks at marks made by characters and rules, not by any included graphics. In addition, it gets the glyph metrics from the _t_f_m file, so charac- ters that lie outside their enclosing _t_f_m box may confuse it. In addition, the bounding box might be a bit too loose if the charac- ter glyph has significant left or right side bearings. Nonethe- less, this option works well for creating small EPSF files for equations or tables or the like. (Note, of course, that _d_v_i_p_s out- put is resolution dependent and thus does not make very good EPSF files, especially if the images are to be scaled; use these EPSF files with a great deal of care.) -f Read the ._d_v_i file from standard input and write the PostScript to standard output. The standard input must be seekable, so it cannot be a pipe. If you must use a pipe, write a shell script that copies the pipe output to a temporary file and then points _d_v_i_p_s at this file. This option also disables the automatic reading of the _P_R_I_N_T_E_R environment variable, and turns off the automatic sending of control D if it was turned on with the -_F option or in the con- figuration file; use -_F after this option if you want both. -F Causes Control-D (ASCII code 4) to be appended as the very last character of the PostScript file. This is useful when _d_v_i_p_s is driving the printer directly instead of working through a spooler, as is common on extremely small systems. NOTE! DO NOT USE THIS OPTION! -h name Prepend file _n_a_m_e as an additional header file. (However, if the name is simply `-' suppress all header files from the output.) This header file gets added to the PostScript _u_s_e_r_d_i_c_t. 2 TeXware 13 February 1992 DVIPS(1) -i Make each section be a separate file. Under certain circumstances, _d_v_i_p_s will split the document up into `sections' to be processed independently; this is most often done for memory reasons. Using this option tells _d_v_i_p_s to place each section into a separate file; the new file names are created replacing the suffix of the supplied output file name by a three-digit sequence number. This option is most often used in conjunction with the -_S option which sets the maximum section length in pages. For instance, some photo- typesetters cannot print more than ten or so consecutive pages before running out of steam; these options can be used to automati- cally split a book into ten-page sections, each to its own file. -k Print crop marks. This option increases the paper size (which should be specified, either with a paper size special or with the -_T option) by a half inch in each dimension. It translates each page by a quarter inch and draws cross-style crop marks. It is mostly useful with typesetters that can set the page size automati- cally. -K This option causes comments in included PostScript graphics, font files, and headers to be removed. This is sometimes necessary to get around bugs in spoolers or PostScript post-processing programs. Specifically, the %%Page comments, when left in, often cause dif- ficulties. Use of this flag can cause some included graphics to fail, since the PostScript header macros from some software pack- ages read portions of the input stream line by line, searching for a particular comment. This option has been turned off by default because PostScript previewers and spoolers have been getting better. -l num The last page printed will be the first one numbered _n_u_m Default is the last page in the document. If the _n_u_m is prefixed by an equals sign, then it (and any argument to the -_p option) is treated as a sequence number, rather than a value to compare with _c_h_a_r_9_2 _c_o_u_n_t_0 values. Thus, using -_l =_9 will end with the ninth page of the document, no matter what the pages are actually numbered. -m Specify manual feed for printer. -M Turns off the automatic font generation facility. If any fonts are missing, commands to generate the fonts are appended to the file _m_i_s_s_f_o_n_t._l_o_g in the current directory; this file can then be exe- cuted and deleted to create the missing fonts. -n num At most _n_u_m pages will be printed. Default is 100000. -N Turns off structured comments; this might be necessary on some sys- tems that try to interpret PostScript comments in weird ways, or on some PostScript printers. Old versions of TranScript in particular cannot handle modern Encapsulated PostScript. -o name TeXware 3 DVIPS(1) 13 February 1992 The output will be sent to file _n_a_m_e If no file name is given, the default name is _f_i_l_e._p_s where the .dvi file was called _f_i_l_e._d_v_i; if this option isn't given, any default in the configuration file is used. If the first character of the supplied output file name is an exclamation mark, then the remainder will be used as an argument to _p_o_p_e_n; thus, specifying !_l_p_r as the output file will automati- cally queue the file for printing. This option also disables the automatic reading of the _P_R_I_N_T_E_R environment variable, and turns off the automatic sending of control D if it was turned on with the -_F option or in the configuration file; use -_F after this option if you want both. -O offset Move the origin by a certain amount. The _o_f_f_s_e_t is a comma- separated pair of dimensions, such as ._1_i_n,-._3_c_m (in the same syn- tax used in the _p_a_p_e_r_s_i_z_e special). The origin of the page is shifted from the default position (of one inch down, one inch to the right from the upper left corner of the paper) by this amount. -p num The first page printed will be the first one numbered _n_u_m. Default is the first page in the document. If the _n_u_m is prefixed by an equals sign, then it (and any argument to the -_l option) is treated as a sequence number, rather than a value to compare with _c_h_a_r_9_2 _c_o_u_n_t_0 values. Thus, using -_p =_3 will start with the third page of the document, no matter what the pages are actually numbered. -pp pagelist A comma-separated list of pages and ranges (a-b) may be given, which will be interpreted as _c_h_a_r_9_2 _c_o_u_n_t_0 values. Pages not specified will not be printed. Multiple -pp options may be speci- fied or all pages and page ranges can be specified with one -pp option. -P printername Sets up the output for the appropriate printer. This is imple- mented by reading in _c_o_n_f_i_g._p_r_i_n_t_e_r_n_a_m_e , which can then set the output pipe (as in, !_l_p_r -_P_p_r_i_n_t_e_r_n_a_m_e as well as the font paths and any other _c_o_n_f_i_g._p_s defaults for that printer only. Note that _c_o_n_f_i_g._p_s is read before _c_o_n_f_i_g._p_r_i_n_t_e_r_n_a_m_e In addition, another file called ~/._d_v_i_p_s_r_c is searched for immediately after _c_o_n_f_i_g._p_s; this file is intended for user defaults. If no -_P command is given, the environment variable _P_R_I_N_T_E_R is checked. If that vari- able exists, and a corresponding configuration file exists, that configuration file is read in. -q Run in quiet mode. Don't chatter about pages converted, etc.; report nothing but errors to standard error. -r Stack pages in reverse order. Normally, page 1 will be printed first. -s Causes the entire global output to be enclosed in a save/restore pair. This causes the file to not be truly conformant, and is thus 4 TeXware 13 February 1992 DVIPS(1) not recommended, but is useful if you are driving the printer directly and don't care too much about the portability of the out- put. -S num Set the maximum number of pages in each `section'. This option is most commonly used with the -_i option; see that documentation above for more information. -t papertype This sets the paper type to _p_a_p_e_r_t_y_p_e. The _p_a_p_e_r_t_y_p_e _s_h_o_u_l_d _b_e _d_e_f_i_n_e_d _i_n _o_n_e the appropriate code to select it. (Currently known types include _l_e_t_t_e_r, _l_e_g_a_l, _l_e_d_g_e_r, _a_4, _a_3, ) You can also specify -_t _l_a_n_d_s_c_a_p_e, which rotates a document by 90 degrees. To rotate a document whose size is not letter, you can use the -_t option twice, once for the page size, and once for landscape. The upper left corner of each page in the ._d_v_i file is placed one inch from the left and one inch from the top. Use of this option is highly dependent on the configuration file. Note that executing the _l_e_t_t_e_r or _a_4 or other PostScript operators cause the document to be nonconforming and can cause it not to print on certain printers, so the paper size should not execute such an operator if at all possi- ble. -T offset Set the paper size to the given pair of dimensions. This option takes its arguments in the same style as -_O. It overrides any paper size special in the dvi file. -U Disable a PostScript virtual memory saving optimization that stores the character metric information in the same string that is used to store the bitmap information. This is only necessary when driving the Xerox 4045 PostScript interpreter. It is caused by a bug in that interpreter that results in `garbage' on the bottom of each character. Not recommended unless you must drive this printer. -x num Set the magnification ratio to _n_u_m /1000. Overrides the magnifica- tion specified in the .dvi file. Must be between 10 and 100000. -X num Set the horizontal resolution in dots per inch to _n_u_m. -Y num Set the vertical resolution in dots per inch to _n_u_m. -Z Causes bitmapped fonts to be compressed before they are downloaded, thereby reducing the size of the PostScript font-downloading infor- mation. Especially useful at high resolutions or when very large fonts are used. Will slow down printing somewhat, especially on early 68000-based PostScript printers. TeXware 5 DVIPS(1) 13 February 1992 SEE ALSO mf(1), afm2tfm(1), tex(1), latex(1), lpr(1), _d_v_i_p_s._t_e_x. DIAGNOSTICS NOTES PostScript is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. AUTHOR Tomas Rokicki <rokicki@cs.stanford.edu>; extended to virtual fonts by Don Knuth. 6 TeXware